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The Sorcerer (cave art)
The Sorcerer is one name for an enigmatic cave painting found in the cavern known as 'The Sanctuary' at Trois-Frères, Ariège, France, made around 13,000 BC. The figure's significance is unknown, but it is usually interpreted as some kind of great spirit or master of animals. The unusual nature of The Sanctuary's decoration may also reflect the practice of magical ceremonies in the chamber.〔(Trois Frères, (cave in Ariège, France) – Britannica Online Encyclopedia )〕 In his sketches of the cave art, Henri Breuil drew a horned humanoid torso and the publication of this drawing in the 1920s〔Henri Breuil, ''Quatre cent siècles d'art paiétal'' (Montignac, 1954, p. 166 (Mary E. Boyle, tr., as ''Four Hundred centuries of Cave Art'', London: Zwemmer, 1952); Breuil, ''Les Cavernes du Volp'', 1958.〕 influenced many subsequent theories about the figure.〔As S. G. F. Brandon expressed it in 1959, "it seems to be generally agreed that this picture of the 'Dancing Sorcerer' was a cult object of great significance to the community which used the cave." (S. G. F. Brandon, "The Ritual Perpetuation of the Past" ''Numen'' 6.2 (April 1959:112-129) p. 112.〕 However, Breuil's sketch has also come under criticism in recent years.〔Hutton, Ronald ''Witches, Druids, Arthur''. p. 34〕 A single prominent human figure is unusual in the cave paintings of the Upper Paleolithic, where the great majority of representations are of animals.
== Breuil's drawing ==
Henri Breuil asserted that the cave painting represented a shaman or magician — an interpretation which gives the image its name — and described the image he drew in these terms. Margaret Murray having seen the published drawing called Breuil's image 'the first depiction of a deity on earth', an idea which Breuil and others later adopted.
His views held sway in the field for much of the 20th century, but they have since been largely superseded.〔
Breuil's image has been commonly interpreted as a shaman performing a ritual to ensure good hunting.〔Jean Clottes and David Lewis-Williams ''The Shamans of Prehistory: Trance and Magic in the Painted Caves''〕
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